Links among Quality, Satisfaction, Value, and Repurchase Intention in Gated Communities: Case from Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Authors: Zrian Ibrahim1 & Khayal Mahsum Faraj2
1Department of Business and Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Tishk International University, Sulaimani, Iraq
2Department of Business and Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Tishk International University, Sulaimani, Iraq

Abstract:The aim of this research was to elaborate the impact of product quality, service quality, customer satisfaction, and perceived value on the repurchase intentions of the residents in a gated community. We have collected data from the residents in various gated communities. Collected data was analyzed via structural equations modeling. The results reveal that product quality is a stronger influencer on the customer satisfaction than the service quality. Secondly, it was observed that product quality had significant impact on the perceived value while service quality was mediated on the perceived value via customer satisfaction. Lastly, it was observed that perceived value was very important determinant of repurchasing intentions of residents at a gated community and it was affected by customer satisfaction strongly. Service and product quality explained 56% of the variance on the customer satisfaction while they have explained 76% of the variance on perceived value and 65% of the variance on the repurchase intention.

Keywords: Service Quality, Product Quality, Gated Community, Repurchase Intention, Perceived Value, Customer Satisfaction


Download the PDF Document

doi: 10.23918/ejmss.v1i1p60

References

Conway‐Rahman, H. (1997). Some observations on the issues of quality cost in construction. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 14 (5), 464–481.

Ali, S. H., & Yildiz, Y. (2020). Leadership effects on CSR employee, media, customer, and NGOs. Manag. Econ. Res. J, 6(2020), 12354.

Ali, S. H. K., Khan, N. S., & Yildiz, Y. (2020). Leadership effects on CSR employee, media, customer, and NGOs. Management and Eco-nomics Research Journal, 6, 1-9.

Atkinson, R., Blandy, S., Flint, J., & Lister, D. (2005). Gated cities of today? Barricaded residential development in England. Town Planning Review, 76(4), 401-422.

Aydinli, C., & Demir, A. (2015). Impact of non-technical dimensions of service quality on the satisfaction, loyalty, and the willingness to pay more: a cross-national research on GSM operators. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 3(11), 1-16.

Bolemer, J. M. M., & Lemmink, J. G. A. M. (1995). The importance of customer satisfaction in explaining brand and dealer loyalty [J]. Journal of Marketing Management, 8(4), 351–363.

Bowen, J., & Ford, R. C. (2002). Managing service organizations: Does having a “thing” make a difference? Journal of Management, 28(3), 447-469.

Budur, T. (2018a). Analytic Hierarchy Process to Evaluate Corporate Image, Trust, and Switching Cost of GSM Operators: A Case of Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(2), 241-250

Budur, T. (2018b). The impact of Al-Ghazali’s virtues on organizational commitment and performance: A case Study at private education institutions in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Icabep, Erbil-Iraq, 2, p21.

Budur, T., Faraj, K. M., & Karim, L. A. (2019). Benchmarking operations strategies via hybrid model: A case study of café-restaurant sector. Amazon Investiga, 8, 842–854.

Budur, T., & Demir, A. (2019a). Leadership effects on employee perception about CSR in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 6(1). 142-154.

Budur, T., & Demir, A. (2019b). Leadership perceptions based on gender, experience, and education. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 6(1), 142–154.

Budur, T., Rashid, C. A., & Poturak, M. (2018). Students’ perceptions on university selection, decision making process: A case study in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(1), 133–144.

Castledine, D., & Bannister, B. (1996). The role of ISO 9000 in improving the quality of service delivery of Hong Kong’s public housing programs. International Journal of Public Administration, 19(11-12), 2167-2193.

Cronin Jr, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), 193-218.

Crosby, P. B. (1979). Quality is free: The art of making quality cer-tain (Vol. 94). New York: McGraw-hill.

Demir, A. (2019a). A Benchmarking of service quality in telecommunication services: Case study in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(3), 216-231.

Demir, A. (2019b). The impact of strategic operations management decision on shoppers’ wellbeing. Asian Academy of Management Journal, 24(1), 25-57.

Demir, A., & Aydinli, C. (2016). Exploring the quality dimensions of mobile instant messaging applications and effects of them on customer satisfaction. International Journal of Computer Theory and Applications, 9(22), 1-15.

Demir, A., & Budur, T. (2019). Roles of leadership styles in corporate social responsibility to non-governmental organizations (NGOs). International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(4), 174-183.

Demir A, Shawkat S, Majeed BN, Budur T. (2019). Fuzzy AHP and VIKOR to select best location for bank investment: case study in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. In Effective Investments on Capital Markets, Tarczyn’sk W, Nermend K (eds). Springer: Cham; 485-510.

Demir, A., & Guven, S. (2017). The influence of ISO certificate on quality evaluation of students: a case study at Ishik University. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 4(3)171-180.

Demir, A., & Mukhlis, M. (2017). An evaluation of gated communities as a product: An empirical study in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 12(3), 63-84.

Demir, A., Özmen, Ö., & Rashid, A. (2014). An Estimation of Turkey’s Export Loss to Iraq. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150(2014), 1240-1247.

Flynn, B. B. (1994). The relationship between quality management practices, infrastructure and fast product innovation. Benchmarking for Quality Management & Technology, 1(1), 48-64.

Garvin, D. A. (1988). Managing quality: The strategic and competitive edge. Simon and Schuster.

Garvin, D. A. (1984). What does “Product Quality” really mean? Sloan Management Review (pre-1986), 26(1), 25-43.

Greenberg, S. W. Rohe, W. (1984). Neighborhood design and crime. Journal of the American Planning Association, 50 (1), 48-61.

Hilal, D., & Top, C. (2019). Impact of product and service quality of gated communities on the repurchase intentions: A case study in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 7(6)505-515.

Hokanson, S. (1995). The deeper you analyze, the more you satisfy customers. Marketing News, 29(1).

Khan, N. U. S., & Yildiz, Y. (2020). Impact of Intangible Characteristics of Universities on Student Satisfaction. Amazonia Investiga, 9(26), 105-116.

Jaf, K., Muhammed, P., & Omer, A. (2019). Provider–Customer perceptions in service quality: A gap analysis at Ishik University, Sulaimani, Iraq. Manag. Econ. Res. J, 5(2019),13.

Jahanshahi, A. A., Gashti, M. A. H., Mirdamadi, S. A., Nawaser, K., & Khaksar, S. M. S. (2011). Study the effects of customer service and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 1(7), 253-260.

Kam, C. W., & Tang, S. L. (1997). Development and implementation of quality assurance in public construction works in Singapore and Hong Kong. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 14 (9), 909-928.

Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing Management. 10th ed., New Jersey, Prentice-Hall.

Kovács, Z., & Hegedűs, G. (2014). Gated communities as new forms of segregation in post-socialist Budapest. Cities, 36(2014), 200-209.

Kuo, T., Chen, C.T., & Cheng, W.J. (2018). Service quality evaluation: moderating influences of first-time and revisiting customers. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 29(3-4), 429–440.

Ladhari, R. (2009). Service quality, emotional satisfaction, and behavioral intentions: A study in the hotel industry. Managing Service Quality, 19(3), 308-331.

Lai, L. W. (2016). Stone walls do not a prison make, nor iron bars a cage: The institutional and communitarian possibilities of gated communities. Land Use Policy, 54(2016), 378-385.

Lemmink, J., & Kasper, H. (1994). Competitive reactions to product quality improvements in industrial markets. European Journal of Marketing, 28 (12), 50-68.

Lin, C., Sher, P., & Shih, H. (2005). Past progress and future direction in conceptualizing customer perceived value”, International Journal of Service Industry Management, 16(4), 318-36.

Low, S. P., & Omar, H. F. (1997). The effective maintenance of quality management systems in the construction industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 14(8), 768-790.

Low, S. P., & Yeo, H. K. (1998). A construction quality costs quantifying system for the building industry. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 15(3), 329-349.

Mohammed, S. S., Suleyman, C., & Taylan, B. (2020). Burnout Determinants and Consequences Among University Lecturers. Amazonia Investiga, 9(27), 13-24.

Nhat, N. D. D., & Hau, L. N. (2007). Determinants of retail service quality-a study of supermarkets in Vietnam. Science & Technology Development, 10(8), 15-23.

Olaru, D., Purchase, S., & Peterson, N. (2008). From customer value to repurchase intentions and recommendations. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 23 (8), 554-565.

Özmen, Ö., Demir, A., & Celepli, M. (2013). An Analysis of Iraq’s Pre-import Inspection, Testing & Certification Program: A’WOT Analysis. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 99(13), 85-93.

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V.A., & Berry, L.L. (1988). Servqual: a multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12.

Parasuraman, A. (1998). Customer service in business‐to‐business markets: an agenda for research. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 13(4/5), 309-321.

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V., & Berry, L.L. (1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing. 49 (4), 41–51.

Parikh, D. (2006). Measuring retail service quality: an empirical assessment of the instrument. Vikalpa, 31(2), 45-56.

Pilkington, A., & Chai, K. H. (2008). Research themes, concepts and relationships. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 19(1), 83-110.

Porter, M. E. (1985). Competitive advantage free press. New York. 33-61.

Sebastianelli, R., & Tamimi, N. (2002). How product quality dimensions relate to defining quality. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 19(4), 442-453.

Serin, H. (2018). The use of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations to enhance student achievement in educational settings. International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, 5(1), 191-194.

Shahin, A., & Samea, M. (2010). Developing the models of service quality gaps: A critical discussion. Business Management and Strategy, 1(1), 2.

Shammas-Toma, M., Seymour, D., & Clark, L. (1998). Obstacles to implementing total quality management in the UK construction industry. Construction Management & Economics, 16(2), 177-192.

Smigiel, C. (2014). Reprint of “The production of segregated urban landscapes: A critical analysis of gated communities in Sofia”. Cities, 36(2014), 182-192.

Torlak, N. G., Demir, A., & Budur, T. (2019). Impact of operations management strategies on customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions at café-restaurants. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 1(1).

Tsiotsou, R. (2006). The role of perceived product quality and overall satisfaction on purchase intentions. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 30(2), 207-217.

Wathne, K., Biong, H., & Heide, J. (2001). Choice of supplier in embedded markets: relationship and marketing program effects. Journal of Marketing, 65 (2), 54-66.

Wright, S. (1921). Correlation and causality. Journal of Agricultural Research, 20, 557-585.

Wright, S. (1934). The method of path coefficients. Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 5(3), 161-215

Yildiz, Y., & Budur, T. (2019). Introducing Environmental Awareness to College Students with Curricular and Extracurricular Activities. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 9(3), 667-675.

Zhang, Q., Vonderembse, M. A., & Lim, J. S. (2003). Manufacturing flexibility: Defining and analyzing relationships among competence, capability, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Operations Management, 21(2), 173-191.


Visits: 17